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In this paper we examine how teachers' gender role attitudes and stereotypes influence … National Bureau of Economic Research Are teachers' impacts on students' test scores ("value-added") a good measure of their quality? %PDF-1.6 %���� 500 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<57A0C497EF466E48BA9678E881EB0559000000><40F2F2769D2C5A40A4357B19AB1D3B38>]/Index[486 21]/Info 485 0 R/Length 76/Prev 682825/Root 487 0 R/Size 507/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 1232 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8A7C2BF80629D84F8036569FB52CCF30>]/Index[1226 47]/Info 1225 0 R/Length 59/Prev 841559/Root 1227 0 R/Size 1273/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream `y��Gke�/��g��9��#0������t:Q�A�B�j�f܋�n�(�8���>��O��jY��sd(c��� h�bbd``b`-Y@�� �{$����R�$"TA�/�Di�Y�KA\Ft�?�� 9� hތ��N�0�_�ܱ%ck琅t����p�M��ڵK����V0�w޵9������ �N�y��F�e.�n-2/���Ǩ���$%�*�I1 d� %%EOF National Bureau of Economic Research. endstream endobj startxref %PDF-1.6 %���� `� 0{ �XD��)f��D~a��-�ѱ������p5И+� '��Z�*D6cD(ɖA@��n���T��d��yރ hmC� .�3f`h9�� S.'Ĭ�Y�S�Y���!��F%�E`r8’c��dD�Ȫl�)�צ�����n� �{��b)�6v� n~-m\�/�,6�2\;P��. 1272 0 obj <>stream v�&�;��Hۋ�)�G��B���_A����S�w٭Q9i�y��zd�L��/)��+�|W� ♈)����O�Hz[�^���7�[����g���� In this paper we estimate the endstream endobj 181 0 obj <>stream IP+-���P�����HU l �^�u��P�F�9R`e[�i+%�r,�R��b79�n��\��:��jxG'q|'A�Y���n��ݝq�. endstream endobj 1227 0 obj <> endobj 1228 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 1229 0 obj <>stream hޜ��jC1De��J�]=��I�Ƙt&���& qR��#�� 0 To de–ne the –rst measure, suppose we randomly assign a group of students to teachers and compare mean test ���=r[W�/H;H����ci��E,���G �E*0�p��$�"U,W���J� ���Q�����|T-��t� � @�h�`���ϖ�2�HÈi���Z2D!Wz� NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 ... group bias on labor force statistics, but the magnitude and evolution of rotation group bias in the CPS has not been documented since Bailar’s (1975) study. $aP�>  8��9yC����,{� ���=�U��!_�~��u���|�~��m �h�ԯ�y���䀶OsY�"�z��j4�12�"��)M&���0~>�d�"��B���j 179 0 obj <>stream National Bureau of Economic Research Recent research has focused on what shapes gender differences in academic achievement and students' choice of university field of study. h��S�KSq?w�]���Ҥ������N�0�ԫh��{���Z�Ș 1�H�b�@��9�/�YA�"&H��C2�!V��t=`4��ՠ����u��{���� ��yB �5 ��$)8�Ga��B�(�3�*�$�;���9K^�u�>� ��,! 486 0 obj <> endobj ��W}o��������{�{�>��� NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 December 2019 This is a revised version of NBER Working Paper 26584, released December 2019. 1226 0 obj <> endobj h�bbd``b`��U@���`s,[�ć�L�,� F ���R��Fw �� c A December 1, 2002, news story in the New York Times on the National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc., of Cambridge, MA, called the institution non-partisan but failed to identify a penny of the $10 million it receives in conservative philanthropic underwriting. ��Z7�@�m���kȥ��j�� endstream endobj 180 0 obj <>stream ^���$X, { ��3���8,�Ò��j�Q.��e��R�� %%EOF �Q B�3�vbV s����DӮ.j�%�ص��q��m�����ZMO?���ez~;�v�d���N��B��6�uz������8���U ]� ���k�Wq{����w�F`CP�Cr6����sb@����)x {so2^�̴$�2�Z�-�S�BG�I��3��@y��$�N�24�E�(`ސ��)z����B���uS��S��5MC� 31C�"x&�̠��*� ��|��6��H�d��L1�M��d2�I�GR��m��Kk��f�oQufOzu&ޓRbp>w����$�VXG�lv�^���Y�>W��pMR�eǾ_����m=ͦ�÷_����Ĵ���0S��ۿO�r�&֠Iu�,э1�ISf�+D�IӀ��io�Dnu]@����K�=�Ŝ��zVͧ�W�[yOI1����%!w��nS|T��좵���g{4�v�~_����"��|�;,�Rf���U���|]��H�o�7g���@}i�_}��L���q��,����z����m? ��#+Z�@o�T�B�*���Z8��n�lܹ��(�J���)\e� 0 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 ... bias in VA estimates that exploits changes in teaching assignments at the school-grade level. 0 g\eޯ�Ck��ә���vW�g��n7ԧ�,� �U�BfBht��ۼ������hY|Ƕ�` �!-=