Hannelore Volpe (with reference to Dr. R.F. [22] The Town of Whitchurch–Stouffville is planning further housing development immediately south of the Mantle site in the town's Phase Two development plan. [7], A complete map of the site was produced in 1930 by the amateur archaeologist Peter Pringle.[8]. Williamson), R.F. An 'Indiana Jones' moment: Cosmopolitan village dug up. [29] The Huron, as well as other local First Nation peoples, have urged towns and developers in York Region to preserve aboriginal sites "for worship at the places where [their] ancestors are buried. Because of their national significance,[16] the artifacts will be safeguarded by the Canadian Museum of Civilization. This has influenced new interpretations of migrations and population movement in the region among the Iroquoian peoples prior to the coalescence of the Wyandot. Ipperwash Commission of Inquiry, Final Report, Town of Whitchurch-Stouffville, "Huron Ancestral Village Resolution (C10-C0 & R00)," June 17, 2007 (renewed commitment by a new council of Feb. 17, 2015: Minutes, ", Robin Bicknell (playwright, director and producer), ", Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal, Aurora Site, Wendat (Huron) Ancestral Village, Draper Site, Wendat (Huron) Ancestral Village, Ratcliff Site, Wendat (Huron) Ancestral Village, List of archaeological sites in Whitchurch–Stouffville, The Archaeology of the Mantle Site (AlGt-334): Report on the Stage 3–4 Mitigative Excavation of Part of Lot 22, Concession 9, Town of Whitchurch-Stouffville, Regional Municipality of York, Ontario, Rethinking the Archeological Application of Iroquoian Kinship, Coalescence and Conflict in Iroquoian Ontario, The Mantle Site: An Archaeological History of an Ancestral Wendat Community, Book Review: The Mantle Site: An Archaeological History of an Ancestral Wendat Community, The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660, A Population History of the Huron-Petun, A.D. 500-1650, What will be has always been: The past and presence of northern Iroquoians, The Archaeological History of the Wendat to A.D. 1651: An Overview, Coalescent Communities in Iroquoian Ontario, Vanished Huron village in Whitchurch-Stouffville held baffling mystery, Ancient axe found could rewrite Canada's history. The Mantle Site: Urban Planning in Sixteenth Century Ontario, Interview: The Curse of the Axe, with R.F Williamson and L. Lainé, "Late Period (AD 1400 – European Contact)," and "Late Period Village", Thousands of Southern Ontario artifacts to be safeguarded by the museum, "U of T Basements Hold Thousands of Remains", Did you know: Mantle Site (interview with Dr. Jennifer Birch, Communicating with Aboriginal Peoples: The Municipal Role, First Nation Battles for History in Court, First Nations History in Southern Ontario – South East Region, Moeurs des sauvages amériquains, comparées aux moeurs des premiers temps, Native Village discovered at Housing Development, Huron Village Artifacts may Stay in Stouffville, "First Nations want say in the preservation of important archaeological sites in Ontario", "U of T basements hold thousands of remains", "First Nation battles for history in court", Stouffville history hits home in TV documentary, "Provincial plaques commemorate the Jean-Baptiste Lainé Site", "Radiocarbon re-dating of contact-era Iroquoian history in northeastern North America", https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/advances/4/12/eaav0280/F4.large.jpg, Natives Urge Protection of Aboriginal Sites, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mantle_Site,_Wendat_(Huron)_Ancestral_Village&oldid=977139771, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [24] The Mantle site (among others) is mentioned in the 2007 provincial inquiry into the Ipperwash Crisis; the report highlights the importance of ancestral burial sites to First Nations people, explains why they often become flashpoints for occupation (a need to protect them from further desecration), and recommends consultation with First Nations regarding the disposition of a site. The Mantle Site: Urban Planning in Sixteenth Century Ontario, Interview: The Curse of the Axe, with R.F Williamson and L. Lainé, "Late Period (AD 1400 – European Contact)," and "Late Period Village", Thousands of Southern Ontario artifacts to be safeguarded by the museum, "U of T Basements Hold Thousands of Remains", Did you know: Mantle Site (interview with Dr. Jennifer Birch, Communicating with Aboriginal Peoples: The Municipal Role, First Nation Battles for History in Court, First Nations History in Southern Ontario – South East Region, Moeurs des sauvages amériquains, comparées aux moeurs des premiers temps, Native Village discovered at Housing Development, Huron Village Artifacts may Stay in Stouffville, First Nations want say in the preservation of important archaeological sites in Ontario, U of T basements hold thousands of remains, "First Nation battles for history in court", Stouffville history hits home in TV documentary, Natives Urge Protection of Aboriginal Sites, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Mantle_Site,_Wendat_(Huron)_Ancestral_Village&oldid=712119831, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. [10] The use of technological and analytic advances, such as radiocarbon dating and Bayesian analysis, has resulted in new conclusions about the occupancy of these varied sites. This excavation contributed to the conclusions of archeologists and anthropologists that the Wendat coalesced as a people in this area, rather than further east in the St. Lawrence River valley, as was thought at one time. "[5], The Mantle site was enclosed by a three-row wooden fort-like structure (palisade) surrounding 95 longhouses, of which at least 50 were occupied at any one time. [25], Consequently in 2007, the Town Council of Whitchurch–Stouffville recognized the Mantle site as "one of the most significant Huron ancestral villages in Southern Ontario," and committed itself to work with the Huron to "assign aboriginal names to watercourses, streets and trails in and around the Mantle site and elsewhere in the municipality. The site was documented and over 150,000 artifacts were removed for study and interpretation at McMaster University and the University of Toronto. The Huron-Wendat Nation is a First Nation whose community and reserve today is located at Wendake, Quebec. An 'Indiana Jones' moment: Cosmopolitan village dug up. How did a Spanish Axe wind up in Toronto 100 years before Europeans? The Rouge River trail, used by the Huron and then later by the French to travel between Lake Ontario and Lake Simcoe / Georgian Bay, ran through the Aurora site. These are similar to ones found on contemporaneous Oneida villages in New York State, indicating the cosmopolitan nature of the community that settled the Mantle site. [9] A series of modeled human and animal effigies ceramic vessels were found on the site. The Huron (Wendat) are considered part of the larger Iroquoian cultural and language family. The Mantle site is now believed to have been occupied 1587 to 1623.[2]. The plaque is in English, French, and Wendat, an Iroquoian language.[29]. Die Mantle Site im Süden der kanadischen Provinz Ontario ist mit einer Fläche von 4,2 ha die größte und komplexeste bisher entdeckte Siedlung der Wyandot, und zugleich die größte im Gebiet nördlich der Großen Seen. How did Huron-Wendat get 'cursed' European axe a century before European contact? This page was last edited on 7 September 2020, at 04:21. Williamson), R.F. [4] "It is the earliest European piece of iron ever found in the North American interior. Williamson in interview with Mike Finnerty, ", Lead archeologist, Dr. Ronald F. Williamson, noted that the excavation was one of "the most nationally significant of the hundreds he has excavated in Ontario" (Canadian War Museum, ". [17] The archaeological site-work took three years to complete (2003–2005). They were constructed from maple or cedar saplings and covered by elm or cedar bark. [2] From circa 1500 to 1530 AD (This is the traditional dating for the site; see the section on dating below for recent developments), 1500 to 2000 people inhabited the 4.2 hectare site. [15], With the discovery of the Mantle site by Lebovic Enterprises, Archaeological Services Inc. was contracted to complete an evaluation of the site's significance. [19] A small cemetery found outside the village walls has been preserved and protected in accordance with the provincial cemeteries act and in consultation with First Nations. [14] In the seventeenth century, the community likely joined others to form one of the Huron tribes in the Orillia-Georgian Bay area. [21] The village ossuary, a mass grave with an expected 300 to 400 skeletal remains, has not been yet been located. [9], A series of modeled human and animal effigy ceramic vessels were found on the site. This page was last modified on 27 March 2016, at 01:31. Find the travel option that best suits you. "[5], The Mantle site was enclosed by a three-row wooden fort-like structure (palisade) with 95 longhouses, of which at least 50 were occupied at any one time. [23], In 2004, First Nations peoples visited the site and performed ceremonies. Some of it is in European museums, some in the States, and some of it in Laval University, some of it is still in the hands of amateur collectors, and a little of it has been secured for the Provincial Museum, but the greater part of it, once in the keeping of private collectors, is gone, being collected and lost, as private collections often are. The community arrived ca. The community arrived ca. The site was documented and over 150,000 artifacts were removed for study and interpretation at McMaster University and the University of Toronto. More maize may have been required for trade with the Algonquin people to the north. "[30] The discovery of a sixteenth-century European axe at Mantle is also of political importance for the Wendat First Nation for current negotiations with federal and provincial governments. The community farmed 80 square kilometres of land stretching up to five kilometres in every direction from the village site. [18] Most of the site is now a storm water pond; the homes on the south-west corner of Lost Pond Crescent are also on the village site. "[27], In Summer 2011, Wendat ceremonies were held at the site and it was renamed the "Jean-Baptiste Lainé" Site. [13], After two or three decades on the Mantle site, the people abandoned the location in the first half of the sixteenth century.