Three sound ones belong there, namely: -- were employed by Candidus in his translation. Mithridatic Hannibal was not prepared to storm the fortified camp, so the Romans were not entirely routed. (vol. [13] It is open to debate whether he did this by force or persuasion. IV (ed. But this lacuna in V. 141, much the oldest of all the MSS., as I have said, is not as Schweighuser thought (iii. and free from those lacun, or he used a book similar to Vat. This did not come, for a large convoy of 100 ships with soldiers, money, and supplies was driven off its course by high winds, intercepted and routed by the Roman fleet at Sardinia. For the order of arrangement in these "Royal" MSS., as Schweighuser styled them, was the following: -- Nor did my efforts succeed better in the extracts De Sententiis, although there were so few from Appian among them that the damage is rather slight. At last, even the Romans were infected by the passion for plunder and, as far as their generals allowed them, used to make predatory incursions on the enemy's fields.”[4]. From what has been said above it is clear that he used some Greek copy which belonged by contents and order of books to class O. to think about involving it in a great war. The painstaking man was quite correct in this preference, for there is scarcely a chapter in which the supreme merit of O does not outshine the rags and tatters of C and i. Of the second and much shorter part of this title, which contains the Embassies of the Romans to the nations, I have myself afresh gone over the codex Vat. But that the good man did not everywhere compare them with his own copy, but thought it sufficient to trust to one codex, the tenor and form of his whole translation convince me.53 To embrace the matter in one word, 134, and besides it other books belonging to class Reg. Besides this, Nicholas asked for another volume inscribed "Appian concerning Italian history." closely, and did not observe the same order of arrangement of the books. ii. "Given at St. Peter's in Rome under the seal of the fisherman, the 7th day of December, 1450, and the fourth year of our pontificate. So if from Nauck I have either accepted or adduced anything at variance with Appian's peculiarity of diction, the blame of the error must fall upon me. Southern Italy at the End of the Hannibalic War, Delbrück, Hans, Geschichte der Kriegskunst im Rahmen der politischen Geschichte, I Teil: Das Altertum, Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1964, S. 403, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Crotona&oldid=971085082, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Delbrück, Hans, Geschichte der Kriegskunst im Rahmen der politischen Geschichte, I Teil: Das Altertum, Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1964. For example, in this Vatican book chapters 56-59 of the Punic wars have disappeared in a vast lacuna, and the same lacuna exists in all the other codices (i and O and C), and could not be filled except by inserting that scrap embraced in the Constantinian excerpta of the Embassies of the Nations to the Romans. According to the military historian Hans Delbrück, the strategic goal behind these tactics was to induce Rome to an acceptable peace treaty in return for relinquishing the Punic base in Italy. Undoubtedly the Byzantine age, impatient of reading and transcribing books in general, and especially of an author not very remarkable for art or genius, and who had severed the connection of the events themselves by a bad plan, preferred an immediate enjoyment of selections to the trouble of continuous reading. Yet when by way of experiment I had examined one, the Laurentian, lxx. B. Venice, St. Mark's library, 387, paper, 390 square pages written in the year 1441 by a certain Gedeo. The final victory was just a matter of time. He was not given sufficient resources though[8] and had to spend a year in preparations for the expedition from Sicily. The utility of the more recent editions is almost the same as of the most ancient, since they differ in no respect except in some trifles of orthography. 22, which he has omitted entirely.54. Caecilius. 141 and i; for the Spanish and Hannibalic books, Vat. I have applied or sought to apply the same caution also to my own conjectures, for this writer employs so unusual and perverse a style of discourse that often you do not venture to decide for certain what is in accordance with his style and what is not. Spanish, 11th Century Schweighuser collated it with sufficient care. P. CANDIDUS. The other comparatively detailed account belongs to Appian, who dedicated a special part of his Roman History to the Hannibal's invasion. Note: The following works contain a wider description of the Second Punic war.